感应加热在铁路工务部门的应用

本文介绍了用涡流加热的方法更换铁路隧道螺旋道钉的技术 .该方法较好地解决了目前我国铁路部门螺旋道钉难以更换的问题 .     

丝杠精度双频激光干涉测量中的阿贝误差实时补偿

提出一种利用双频激光干涉仪检测光栅刻划机分度丝杠的新型光路结构,推导出用于阿贝误差补偿的快速修正计算式,实现了丝杠测试过程中阿贝误差的实时修正,通过修正使不满足阿贝原则的测量系统获得了较高的测量精度。另外该方法还通过调整参考镜角锥棱镜消除了测量过程中丝杠轴向窜动引起的测量误差。实验结果表明,采用提出的方法在300mm的丝杠行程内修正的最大阿贝误差为1．39um,补偿后最大残差仅为0．48um,有效地提高了丝杠测量精度。     

UV excimer laser drilled high aspect ratio submicron via hole

We have demonstrated UV excimer laser drilled a submicron via hole with an entrance diameter of 300 nm inside a via hole with an entrance diameter of 5 μm. The smaller via hole formation was due to the refocusing of the reflected UV light from the tapered side-wall of the bigger via hole and the wave-guide effect of the light trapped inside the smaller via hole. The aspect ration of the smaller vias hole was >200. This method could be used to fabricate microfilters or nanopores.     

微粒子观测相机调焦机构设计

为满足微粒子观测相机对光学系统的要求,提出了一种基于滚珠丝杆驱动的传动式调焦机构,介绍了其独特的直线运动结构形式。针对调焦机构承受的静载荷工况和温度工况,用有限元模拟法仿真分析了它的应力和变形情况,得到的最大静力变形为0.001 mm,最大热变形为0.002 mm。通过分析该结构各个传动件误差及装配误差,给出了结构总的理论相对误差值为2.2%。在样机的装调检测中实现了步进分辨率为0.005 mm,平均空回误差步距角为0.2个,完全可以满足整机对调焦机构的要求。     

经皮中空螺钉内固定与张力带内固定内踝骨折的临床疗效观察

研究探讨经皮置入中空螺钉内固定治疗闭合性内踝骨折(Ashurst和Bromer分类的内翻内收型骨折Ⅰ度)的临床实用性,收集60例闭合性内踝骨折的患者,随机分为两组各30例。A组予传统切开复位张力带内固定术治疗,B组予闭合复位经皮置入中空螺钉内固定治疗。术后采用Takakura踝关节评分系统来评价疗效,并对结果进行分析。     

Modeling of reactive systems in twin-screw extrusion: challenges and applications

Reactive extrusion processes involve the difficulties of mastering classical polymer processes, such as twin-screw extrusion for example, and the problems of controlling a chemical reaction in very specific conditions (high-viscosity medium, high temperatures, short residence times). Therefore, it is often very difficult to intuitively understand all the aspects of the process and to clarify the complex interactions between the numerous variables, and then to properly design and optimize the industrial process. Numerical modeling can be a very efficient tool to overcome these difficulties. However, it remains a real challenge, as it necessitates to couple flow simulation in complex geometry, reaction kinetics and evolutionary rheological behavior. Moreover, the information needed is sometimes difficult to obtain with the required accuracy. After a general presentation of the principles of the different reactive extrusion modeling methodologies, we will focus on the models we developed, based on continuum mechanics. Different examples of applications are presented for illustrating the interest of this method. To cite this article: B. Vergnes et al., C. R. Chimie 9 (2006).     

Syntheses and structural comparisons of two copper(II) complexes with the same formula having d-(+)- and d,l-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-diamine ligands

Two five-coordinate copper(II) complexes, formulated as [Cu(L_a)₂Cl]BF₄ (1) and [Cu(L_b)₂Cl]BF₄ (2) having d-(+)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-diamine (L_a) and d,l-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-diamine (L_b) ligands, have been synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction studies of 1 and 2 demonstrate that they crystallize in the different space groups (P2₁2₁2₁ for 1 and Pnma for 2), although they have identical unit cell volumes, due to the use of enantiomeric and racemic diamine ligands. One dimensional (1D) hydrogen-bond-sustained dimeric zigzag chains are formed by means of eight-membered N₂H₂CuBF₂ as well as 10-membered N₂H₄ClBF₂ hydrogen-bonded cycles. Thermal analyses for 1 and 2 are also described herein.     

井下钻柱纵向横向耦合振动模型建立与数值分析

针对井下钻柱运动的复杂性,基于动力学理论,建立了井下钻柱纵向和横向耦合振动的数学模型,并进行数值求解及分析.根据井下钻柱的实际工况,以整个井下钻柱为研究对象,提出了钻柱纵向和横向耦合振动的动力方程,并利用解析法和无量纲法分别求解出其动刚度和动阻尼的表达式,以及钻柱前两阶振动的固有频率.分析结果表明:当井下钻柱振动频率增大时,其动刚度呈幅值衰减的周期性变化,而其动阻尼呈幅值增强的周期性变化;井下钻柱长度和横截面面积越大,其动刚度和动阻尼的幅值越小;井下钻柱的Poisson(泊松)比对其振动的动刚度、动阻尼和前两阶固有频率没有影响;同时,井下钻柱的第二阶固有频率始终大于第一阶固有频率.该文的研究方法和模型为井下钻柱钻具分析和结果优化提供了理论参考和实际意义.     

旋转钻柱环空动力学问题的研究

本文分析了环空状态下的工作钻柱与井壁的接触机理,建立了钻柱与井壁动态摩擦接触的一般模型,提出了解决待定边界问题及钻柱动态分析的计算方法。计算说明不同工况下,钻柱与井壁具有不同的接触形式。     

剪切力作用下螺位错的运动

利用分子动力学方法研究了金属钨中螺位错在剪切力作用下的运动特性.根据弹性理论在BCC晶体中形成位错线沿<111>的螺位错,在合适的边界条件下获得平衡态的位错结构.发现位错由{110}平面沿<112>方向三个呈对称的皱褶组成.对平衡态结构施加剪切力,发现剪力很小时,位错核心不动,核心形状有畸变;当剪力增大到一定程度时位错开始运动.位错运动后,剪切力较小时,核心呈“之”字形运动;在较大剪力下,位错开始阶段呈“之”字形运动,一段距离后主要沿[211]方向作直线运动.位错运动的速度随着剪切力的增加而增大.